These differences in growth responses have been ascribed to different cell signaling pathways in which the AT 1 receptor stimulates protein phosphorylation and the AT 2 receptor dephosphorylation. Whereas the AT 1 receptor stimulates cell proliferation, the AT 2 receptor inhibits proliferation and promotes cell differentiation. Evidence has now accumulated that the AT 2 receptor opposes functions mediated by the AT 1 receptor. Until recently, the functional role of the type 2 (AT 2) receptor, if any, has been unknown, possibly because the AT 2 receptor has a low degree of expression compared with that of the AT 1 receptor. Virtually all of the biological actions of the principle effector peptide angiotensin II (ANG II) have been attributed to an action at the type 1 (AT 1) ANG receptor. Customer Service and Ordering InformationĪbstract-The renin-angiotensin system is a major physiological regulator of body fluid volume, electrolyte balance, and arterial pressure.Stroke: Vascular and Interventional Neurology.Journal of the American Heart Association (JAHA).Circ: Cardiovascular Quality & Outcomes.Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology (ATVB).
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